The Future of Public Relation Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Future of Public Relation Jobs - Essay Example y their stories directly to the audience. Let’s talk PR by Kera Cottingham This article that illustrates the future of public relation jobs argues that the personality, charming nature, and the integration of ones talent, uniqueness, being eloquent as well as endurance to various factors play a big role for the success of public relations ( Kera,2012).All these qualities need to be blended for the success of public relation. The greatest challenge is the blending of these virtues which is leading to the diminishing of public relation jobs, it goes beyond one imagination and one has to be very innovative in order to succeed in this field. Publicity mostly in this industry plays a vital role for ones success. For example, Oprah Winfrey one of the most sought after public relation figures laid down a number of lessons that many people followed leading to their success in their careers. Some of the lessons included the issue of being transparent as well as the aspect of telling th e truth about oneself. Another aspect is the issue of being fully knowledgeable towards the issues you are addressing besides being innovative. Innovativeness tops this list because it is one element that people embrace making it possible to analyze the situations in place. The Future of Public Relations in Higher Education by Georgy Cohen According to this article, the future of public relations jobs is advancing in line with the technological advancements. In addition, the emergence of online blogs as this article illustrates allows some of the public relations departments and firms to extract information regarding the public opinion on some issues which they might have not gained access to or had no prior information about (Georgy, 2011). The development of software for example Bacons media map, allows the public relation professionals and firms to gather immediate, first hand information for their editorial and reporters globally. In terms of the financial changes implementation in the field of public relations, most firms are campaigning for public relation professions to be licensed, an issue that was supported by a famous practitioner Edward Bernays. One of the key aspects covered by this article is on billing issue, whereby individuals felt that the professional billing should be put in place to replace the traditional billing per hour. For instance, quite a number of the UK public relation companies are implementing a more effective the system provided a client has a price upfront on a one time payment schedule. For example, a client may be billed for $ 1,500 for a two-hour period of consultation,$300 for a press briefings or $750 for a press conference. Strategic leadership in public relations: An integrated conceptual framework by Juan Meng This article depicts that the necessity aspect of many corporations toward the essence of Public relation in the business fraternity has evolved a new approach towards the use of the public relation to campaign f or various issues for instance healthcare, aids among other issues. This article argues that the public relati

Computer Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Computer Security - Essay Example Their main result being that vulnerability disclosures mostly lead to a negative and critical change in the market value for a software developer. A solid base for the formation of their argument against information sharing is due to the realization that on average, a vendor loses approximately 0.6% value in stock price when a vulnerability is reported; This being about a 0.86$ billion loss per vulnerability announcement. The Organization of Internet Safety (OIS) defines security vulnerability as a flaw within a software system that can cause it to work against its original design and make it prone to outside manipulation. With the rapid advancement in technology and the internet evolution information sharing has peaked to a new level. This despite its advantages in terms of rapid information sharing also brings to surface the increased chances of vulnerabilities being exposed. As a result not only are software security products like firewalls at a risk but software like operating sy stems and enterprise software can also be manipulated to create security related attacks; Hence providing another aspect that goes against information sharing due to the presence of vulnerabilities. Further examples in terms of a study by NIST in 2002 can be observed which estimated the cost of faulty software at $60 bn per year. Most prominent are incidents like Cod Red virus and the Melissa virus in which hackers exploited flaws in the software and caused enormous damages. Moving on to some arguments in favor of information sharing despite the existence of vulnerabilities we see that prior literature suggests that software defects don’t necessarily lead to a loss in market value of firm. This is due to two main reasons; firstly because the End User License Agreement limits the liability of the software developers encouraging them to facilitate information sharing despite the costs. Second due to the general philosophy held by software stakeholders that it is a uniquely comp lex product which will have understandable defects. A key example here is that of the numerous vulnerabilities present in Microsoft and yet its products are not associated in any way with low quality simply because of the huge user base that it holds in terms of information sharing. Arora, Telang and Xu (2004) look at a more optimistic picture of the vulnerability aspect and argue in favor of information sharing as their study leads them to the conclusion that disclosure can force vendors to release patches quickly. Arora, Caulkins and Telang (2003) follow suit and they discover that larger software vendors find it optimal to rush product into market and then invest in post launch patching hence saving overall product costs and using vulnerability to their advantage. Externality is defined by economists as a situation in which an individual’s actions have economic repercussions for others. It is important to note that in these instances the fact that there is no compensation is of critical importance. Externalities are divided into positive and negative. In negative externality the consequences are mostly known, for example the effects of environmental pollution caused by a plant and the way it might have an impact on the neighboring

Problems Facing Campagnie Du Froid Economics Essay

Problems Facing Campagnie Du Froid Economics Essay The aim of this report is to analyse the problems faces by Jacques Trumen, the CEO of Campagnie du Froid S.A., by reviewing the performance of the 3 regional managers. The report is based on the financial analysis and the evaluation of the facts and figures provided in the case study. This report ends with recommendations for a fair compensation system. In this case, Jacques has to evaluate the performance of the 3 regional businesses in France, Italy and Spain and decide regarding the compensation of the managers according to that. Until recently, he was giving the bonus of 2% of the corporate profit to each one of the managers. However, in 2009 the performance of Spain region was very poor and had affected the overall profit of the company. This has forced Jacques to rethink about the fairness of the evaluation system. The report answers Jacques problem in deciding the strategic changes in the compensation system by evaluating the performance of each region. The Italian Region Taking into consideration all the facts and figures in the case study given, it can be said that Peirre Giraux, the regional manager of Italy, performed good in 2009. He could get 12.6% more profit than was estimated the profit plan. The negative variance of his cost of goods sold (COGS) is expected as he has increased the sales volume. The COGS increased at a lower rate in comparison to the sales which resulted in a positive variance in his contribution margin which increased by 1.65% higher than the budgeted figure. His performance is admirable because although the production is ice cream increased, he could reduce other costs like supervision, electricity, and maintenance by 7.000 Euros, this result in increasing the operating margin by 2.45%. The overall SA expense variance is unfavourable but some of it is contributed due to the increase in sales volume. Pierre needs to have a better control on some costs like the administrative salaries and expenses as it should not have increased by the current rate. The selling expenses increased by close to 10% whereas total sales grew by only 1.2%. he is not accountable for the unfavourable variance in the allocated central office expenses as it is the same for all regions and it is fixed by the companys central office. The overall outcome of Pierre performance was good. The Ice Cream Transfer After analysing Exhibit 5, it is clear that Jean, the manger of the French region, has considered COGS, other costs, depreciation and SA expenses with a profit margin of 5% for calculating the selling price of the ice cream. Adding COGS and other costs was fair on Jeans part as these are variable costs and are bound to increase with the increase in production. Jean added 0.04 Euros per litre under SA expenses which corresponds to allocated central office expenses. It is unjustified to add it because this cost is fixed by the companys central office and is equally incurred by all the divisions. In addition, Jean could have added the depreciation cost because it would have remained the same even if Spain had not imported ice cream from French region. By adding the depreciation cost to the cost of ice cream transferred, Jeans depreciation cost went down and his profit was increased considerably. So this way worked somewhat in favour of the French region. France benefited from it by incr easing sales volume at a lower fixed cost (depreciation and central office expense added to the selling price) and Spain enjoyed the advantage by satisfying its volume deficit at a cost lower than its own selling price in the Spanish market even after a price cut. That is why it can be said that the ice cream transfer was a win-win situation for Spain and France regions. The Spanish Region 2009 was a problematic year for the Spanish region for many reasons. The following points specify the main 3 factors that worked against Spain and how much did it cost Andres. 1- Too low temperature: according exhibit 6, for the first time Spain had encountered such low temperature in the last 7 years. Last time the temperature had gone below 28 C, Spain had experienced only 3.5% volume growth. Moreover, in 2001, when Spain had experienced 28 C, the volume growth rate had dropped down -2.1%. If we follow Jacques thumb rule, then predicted volume growth should be only 4.9% instead of the planned 10%. However, it was better than that as it comes out to be 6.8% (see table 1). So it can be said that Andres performed well against the natures odds by maintaining a higher volume growth than that predicted by Jacques thumb rule. Table 1 (The Spanish Region) Expected sales for 2009 4.094 Proposed increase 10% Sales for 2008 *3.722 Actual sales for 2009 3.975 Rise in 2009 253 % Rise in 2009 6.80% * Sales for 2008= expected sales for 2009/ (1+propesed % increase) 2- Machinery problem: Spanish division faced the machinery problem. Due to which, it had to import ice cream from France at a higher variable cost. Andres also had to swallow the surplus cost of supervision, energy, and maintenance due to the continuous repair and adjustment work in the machines. This increased his cost of production by 21.000 Euros which normally should have gone down because of lower production in his manufacturing unit. 3- Price cut by competitor: the problem for Spain did not stop here. Due to price reduction by competitor, the company had to cut its price by 1.5% and lost some of sales revenue in this process. But, Andress decision to import ice cream from France came out to be fruitful as he was able to satisfy its volume deficit. In spite of the fact that he had to buy ice cream at a higher variable cost, but still it was cheaper than his own selling price (after price cut). This contributed 178.000 Euros to his profit (see table 2). Table 2 (The Spanish Division) Per unit cost Total in 000 Euros Notes Cost charged by France 3.53 2.126 Subcontracted transportation *0.13 77 Incurred due to import from France Delivery expenses **0.19 115 These are not completely fixed costs and depend on sales volume. Higher the sales higher the expense Selling expenses ***0.20 119 These are not completely fixed costs and depend on sales volume. Higher the sales higher the expense Total cost 4.05 2.437 Selling price 4.34 2.616 Profit 0.29 178 *subcontracted transportation cost per unit = total subcontracted transportation cost / total volume transferred **delivery expense per unit = actual delivery expense / actual volume *** selling expense per unit = actual selling expense / actual volume Overall, it can be said that due to few unavoidable circumstances, Andres had to face losses which ruined the performance of his division. The French Region France seems to be the best performer but by a close look at exhibit 2, it is evident that Jeans performance was poor because of 3 major reasons. First, Jean employed a major workforce on an hourly basis to supervise the production and maintain the machines. This increased the supervision, energy, and maintenance costs by 118.000 Euros which reduced his operating margin significantly. Secondly, Jean added the depreciation and central office expenses to his selling price for ice cream transfer to Spain. This is unjustified as these expenses are fixed costs and would have remained the same even if Spain had not imported from France. However, including these expenses worked well for Jean as his fixed costs was distributed by a higher sales volume and increased his profit by 79.000 Euros (Depreciation + SA, from exhibit 5). Thirdly, it should not be forgotten that 603.000 litres of his sales volume came from transferring ice cream to Spain and 79.000 Euros of sales revenue from distribut ion business. Therefore, his actual total sales revenue from the companys core business was only 21.256.000 Euros (from exhibit 2). This is 1.36% less than the estimated sales revenue in the profit plan, and that is why Jean was not able to meet his projected target. In addition, if we remove the profit earned from export i.e. 180.000 Euros and distribution business 29.000 Euros, then his actual profit comes down to 1.033.000 Euros which is just 0.58% above budget (see table 3). However, Jeans decision to invest in distribution business was profitable to the company because he increased the revenue by 79.000 Euros. Assuming that the negative variance of 3.000 Euros as truck depreciation and 47.000 Euros as delivery expenses is due to the new business yet Jean managed to account a profit of 29.000 Euros in the first year itself. Table 3 (The French Region) Estimated profit in 2009 1.027 Total actual profit in 2009 1.242 Profit from ice cream export *180 Profit from distribution export **29 Profit from ice cream business excluding export and distribution 1.033 Profit above estimated 6 % profit above estimated 0.58% *profit from ice cream transfer = total actual profit **profit from distribution export = revenue from distribution (variance in delivery expense + variance in depreciation of trucks). Conclusion and Recommendations After investigating the case, it is evident that Andres can not be blamed totally for the depressing performance of Spain. Spain suffered from multiple bad circumstances in 2009, and Andres applied every trick to overcome it. In spite of Jeans decision of the distribution business was profitable to the company but his overall performance was below the expectations. Consequently, Pierre comes out to be the best performer out of the 3 regional managers. So, it is significant to keep certain factors in mind when deciding the compensation of a manager. In order to keep employees motivated to perform better, their compensation bonus should be directly linked to their own divisions profit. Jacques should decide a ratio of percentage of corporate and regional profits depending on his companys budget for bonus. For example, he should give 1% of corporate profits plus 3% of regional profits. In this way even if the companys overall profit went down due to poor performance of a particular regi on, a mangers bonus would be affected only by the percentage allocated to corporate profit. He can still enjoy the percentage of his divisions profit which is normally should have performed well. Another factor to determine the compensation would be the companys strategic goals and managers performance in achieving these goals. In order to motivate employees to exceed the expected revenues in profit plan, Jacques should give a higher percentage of the value by which the manager surpasses the expected profit. This would keep the manager motivated in undertaking the challenging opportunities to contribute to the companys growth.

Biometrics are New Technological Tools in Computer Security :: essays research papers

As a result of the evolution in the field of biometric computer security tools, a new class of techniques and methods for user identification has erupted. Fingerprint and hand patterns, voice recognition, iris and facial scans, as well as skin patterns and smart cards, have all been used in justifying individuals on who they claim to be based on their unique characteristics. Although still relatively new, these innovative technologies are already being demanded by not only consumers but as well as the government to help find new methods of passport usage, border control, and mere security matters (Kooser, 2006, p.74). Fortunately, biometric technology has already reached a level of development that allows its potential acceptance into this current day and age. So far in the development of biometrics, fingerprint scanning has taken main control of the market. Ink fingerprints have been used for years by police in investigations to identify criminals. Now with technological advances, the use of small digital imaging devices has replaced old ways of capturing fingertips. Portable or built into keyboards, fingerprint scanners have the ability to capture the print, digitalize it and convert it into mathematical characters. Additionally, when used for password recognition it is clear that the main reason for the biometric is simply because individuals can not remember their usernames or even passwords. The efficiency of this technology is so precise that it is faster and easier to login, impossible to forget because it is and individuals own finger, and nearly unreasonable to lose because in most cases the digital scanner is built into the computer (Kok, 2006, p. 576). In fact fingerprint biometrics is being highly considered by the governme nt to be placed on boarders as well as passports. With today’s war on terror many official feel that it is necessary to take in all precautions and heighten the United States security (Mocny, 2005 p.38). Biometrics can absolutely help move forward in government security. Although hand biometrics is not nearly as popular as fingerprint recognition within computers, this expressive body part can be used to identify individuals on a wider basis. Capture units, which are the devices that can receive the biometric hand print, have the capability to withstand temperature and weather damages. And most devices can still recognize the hand even when it is dirty, something a detailed fingerprint scanner can not (Kooser, 2006, p.74). Speech is so common to our everyday lives that it is often forgotten that voices are distinct and unique to every individual. Biometrics are New Technological Tools in Computer Security :: essays research papers As a result of the evolution in the field of biometric computer security tools, a new class of techniques and methods for user identification has erupted. Fingerprint and hand patterns, voice recognition, iris and facial scans, as well as skin patterns and smart cards, have all been used in justifying individuals on who they claim to be based on their unique characteristics. Although still relatively new, these innovative technologies are already being demanded by not only consumers but as well as the government to help find new methods of passport usage, border control, and mere security matters (Kooser, 2006, p.74). Fortunately, biometric technology has already reached a level of development that allows its potential acceptance into this current day and age. So far in the development of biometrics, fingerprint scanning has taken main control of the market. Ink fingerprints have been used for years by police in investigations to identify criminals. Now with technological advances, the use of small digital imaging devices has replaced old ways of capturing fingertips. Portable or built into keyboards, fingerprint scanners have the ability to capture the print, digitalize it and convert it into mathematical characters. Additionally, when used for password recognition it is clear that the main reason for the biometric is simply because individuals can not remember their usernames or even passwords. The efficiency of this technology is so precise that it is faster and easier to login, impossible to forget because it is and individuals own finger, and nearly unreasonable to lose because in most cases the digital scanner is built into the computer (Kok, 2006, p. 576). In fact fingerprint biometrics is being highly considered by the governme nt to be placed on boarders as well as passports. With today’s war on terror many official feel that it is necessary to take in all precautions and heighten the United States security (Mocny, 2005 p.38). Biometrics can absolutely help move forward in government security. Although hand biometrics is not nearly as popular as fingerprint recognition within computers, this expressive body part can be used to identify individuals on a wider basis. Capture units, which are the devices that can receive the biometric hand print, have the capability to withstand temperature and weather damages. And most devices can still recognize the hand even when it is dirty, something a detailed fingerprint scanner can not (Kooser, 2006, p.74). Speech is so common to our everyday lives that it is often forgotten that voices are distinct and unique to every individual.

Mid Term Essay

Chapter 1 1. If software does not wear out, why does it deteriorate (1.4) 2. Is software engineering applicable when web applications are built? If so how it can be modified to accommodate unique characteristics of web apps. (1.7) 3. Develop a software failure scenario (Dooms Day) which could do great harm to humans. (1.8) 4. Describe a process framework in your own words. Is framework activities is applied to all projects regardless of size and complexity? (1.9) 5. Do Umbrella activities occur evenly across all processes or some concentrated in one or more frame work activities. (1.10) Chapter 2 1. Provide three examples of Software projects that would be amenable to the waterfall model. Be specific. 2. Is there ever a case when the generic activities of the software engineering process do not apply? If so, describe it. 3. Is it possible to combine process models? If so, provide an example. 4. Discuss the meaning of â€Å"crosscutting concerns† in your own words as the phrase applies to aspect-oriented programming (AOP). 5. What is the difference between a Unified Process (UP) phase and UP workflow? Chapter 3 1. Describe agility (for software projects) in your own words. 2. Try to come up with one more â€Å"agile principle† that would help a software team become even more maneuverable. 3. Describe the XP concepts of refactoring and pair programming in your own words. 4. Using the FDD feature template (from section 3.5.5), define a feature set for an E-Mail client. Now develop a set of features for the feature set. 5. What activities are addressed during each iteration of the agile unified process?

Human right issues Essay

India’s earliest settlements are believed to have developed in the culture hearths of the Indus Valley around 2600 B.C.E. and in the Ganges Valley around 1500 B.C.E. These societies were mainly composed of ethnic Dravidians who had an economy based on commerce and agricultural trade. Aryan tribes are believed to have then invaded the area after they migrated into the Indian subcontinent from the northwest. It is thought that they introduced the caste system which is still common in many parts of India today. During the 4th century B.C.E, Alexander the Greatintroduced Greek practices into the region when he expanded across Central Asia. During the 3rd century B.C.E, the Mauryan Empire came into power in India and was most successful under its emperor, Ashoka. Throughout subsequent periods Arab, Turkish and Mongol peoples entered India and in 1526, a Mongol Empire was established there, which later expanded throughout most of northern India. During this time, such landmarks as the Taj Mahal were also constructed. Much of India’s history after the 1500s was then dominated by British influences. The first British colony was in 1619 with English East India Company at Surat. Shortly thereafter, permanent trading stations opened in present-day Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata. British influence then continued to expand from these initial trading stations and by the 1850s, most of India and other countries such as Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh were controlled by Britain. By the late 1800s, India began working toward independence from Britain but it did not come until the 1940s however when Indian citizens began to unite and British Labor Prime Minister Clement Attlee began to push for India’s independence. On August 15, 1947, India officially became a dominion within the Commonwealth and Jawaharlal Nehru was named India’s Prime Minister. India’s first constitution was written shortly thereafter on January 26, 1950 and at that time, it officially became a member of the British Commonwealth. Since gaining its independence, India has undergone significant growth in terms of its population and economy however, there were periods of instability in the country and much of its population today lives extreme poverty. Government of India Today India’s government is a federal republic with two legislative bodies. The legislative bodies consist of the Council of States, also called Rajya Sabha, and the People’s Assembly, which is called the Lok Sabha. India’s executive branch has a chief of state and a head of government. There are also 28 states and seven union territories in India. Economics Land Use in India India’s economy today is a varied mix of small village farming, modern large scale agriculture as well as modern industries. The service sector is also an incredibly large part of India’s economy as many foreign companies such places as call centers located in the country. In addition to the service sector, India’s largest industries are textiles, food processing, steel, cement, mining equipment, petroleum, chemicals and computer software. India’s agricultural products include rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, tea, sugarcane, dairy products and livestock. Geography and Climate of India The geography of India is diverse and can be divided into three main regions. The first is the rugged, mountainous Himalayan region in the northern part of the country, while the second is called the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It is in this region that most of India’s large-scale agriculture takes place. The third geographic region in India is the plateau region in the southern and  central portions of the country. India also has three major river systems which have large deltas that take over a large portion of the land. These are the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers. India’s climate is also varied but is tropical in the south and mainly temperate in the north. The country also has a pronounced monsoon season from June to September in it southern portion. More Facts about India †¢ India’s people are 80% Hindu, 13% Muslim and 2% Christian. These divisions have historically caused tensions between different religious groups. †¢ Hindi and English are India’s official languages, but there are also 17 regional languages that are considered official. †¢ India has several cities that have undergone place name changes such as Bombay being renamed Mumbai. These changes were mainly done in an effort to return the city names to local dialects, as opposed to British translations.